\u5c71\u4e1c\u80fd\u7279\u5f02\u80fd\u6e90\u79d1\u6280\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8<\/p>\n
0\u5f15\u8a00
\n\u8fd10\uff0c\u300a\u9c81\u4e2d\u6668\u62a5\u300b\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u62a5\u9053\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u4e1a\u754c\u5173 \u6ce8\uff0c\u5bb6\u4f4f\u5c71\u4e1c\u7701\u6dc4\u535a\u5e02\u7684\u80e1\u5973\u58eb\u5bb6\u7684\u4e2d\u7a7a\u73bb\u7483\u51fa \u73b0\u4e86\u4ee4\u5979\u65e0\u6cd5\u5fcd\u53d7\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8d77\u96fe\uff0c\u4e24\u5c42\u73bb \u7483\u5185\u90e8\u8fb9\u7f18\u7684\u94dd\u6761\u548c\u73bb\u7483\u4e0a\u8fd8\u51fa\u73b0\u50cf\u201c\u5192\u78b1\u201d\u4e00\u6837 \u5bc6\u5bc6\u9ebb\u9ebb\u7684\u767d\u8272\u6676\u4f53\uff0c\u5185\u8154\u91cc\u9762\u90fd\u662f\u6c34\u6c7d\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7a97 \u6237\u7684\u900f\u5149\u6027\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5dee\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u60c5 \u51b5\uff1f\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u56f4\u7ed5\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u63a2\u8ba8\u3002
\n1\u539f\u56e0\u5206\u6790
\n\u4e2d\u7a7a\u73bb\u7483\u5931\u6548\u4e0e\u5f88\u591a\u56e0\u7d20\u90fd\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0 \u9664\u4e86\u5bc6\u5c01\u80f6\u6750\u6599\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u5b89\u88c5\u5de5\u827a\u5916\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u91cd\u8981\u539f\u56e0 \u5c31\u662f\u4e2d\u7a7a\u73bb\u7483\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5e72\u71e5\u5242\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11 \u5382\u5bb6\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u662f\u542b\u6709\u6c2f\u5316\u9499\u6210\u5206\u7684\u5e72\u71e5\u5242\u3002\u8be5\u7c7b\u6c2f\u5316 \u9499\u5e72\u71e5\u5242\u4e5f\u79f0\u65e0\u6c34\u6c2f\u5316\u9499\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u9053\u8def\u878d\u96ea\u5242\u548c \u6c14\u4f53\u5e72\u71e5\u5242\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u6c2f\u5316\u9499\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f62\u6210\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u591a\u5b54\u6750 \u6599\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0e\u6c34\u6c7d\u7684\u63a5\u89e6\u9762\u79ef\u5c0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u5206\u5b50\u7b5b\u6548\u5e94\u3002 \u82e5\u7528\u6c2f\u5316\u9499\u5145\u5f53\u4e2d\u7a7a\u73bb\u7483\u5e72\u71e5\u5242\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u4e2d\u7a7a\u73bb\u7483\u5f88 \u5feb\u51fa\u73b0\u7ed3\u9732\u3001\u7ed3\u971c\u3001\u76d0\u6790\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u4e2d\u7a7a\u73bb\u7483 \u8282\u80fd\u4fdd\u6e29\u6548\u679c\u5931\u6548\u3002
\n\u4ece\u539f\u7406\u5177\u4f53\u5206\u6790\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u94dd\u662f\u4e24\u6027\u91d1\u5c5e\uff0c\u65e2 \u80fd\u4e0e\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u4e0e\u78b1\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5176\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64, \u540c\u65f6\u94dd\u91d1\u5c5e\u8868\u9762\u5fae\u91cf\u79bb\u5b50\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u4f1a\u50ac\u5316\u91d1\u5c5e\u94dd\u7684\u88ab \u6c27\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u7531\u4e8e\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e72\u71e5\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u50ac\u5316\u4f5c \u7528\u8fdb\u5c55\u7f13\u6162\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5fae\u91cf\u6c34\u5206\u4e2d\u7684\u6781\u9ad8\u7684\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\uff0c \u4f1a\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8f6c\u7684\u5bfc\u81f4\u91d1\u5c5e\u94dd\u8868\u9762\u6c27\u5316\u819c\u7684\u7834\u574f\uff0c\u5982\u679c \u5e72\u71e5\u5242\u662f\u6c2f\u5316\u9499\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u7535\u79bb\u53cd\u5e94\u53d1\u751f\uff1a
\n2H2O+CaCl2=2H++2OH+Ca2++2Cl-\t( 1 )
\n\u94dd\u95f4\u9694\u6761\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u4fdd\u62a4\u819c\u7834\u574f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a 3H++A12O3=3H2O+A13+\t(2)
\nA13++3OH-=A1( OH )3\t(3)
\n\u6c27\u5316\u819c\u88ab\u7834\u574f\u540e\uff0c\u6e38\u79bb\u79bb\u5b50\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4e3a\u91d1\u5c5e\u94dd\u7684 \u6c27\u5316\u819c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f97\u5929\u72ec\u539a\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u6709\uff1a
\n2A1+6OH =2A1( OH ) 3+6e-\t(4)
\n6H++3O2=6OH–6e-\t(5)
\n\u5373\u6709\uff1a
\n2A1+6OH-+6H++3O2=2A1 (OH)3\t(6)
\n\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\uff0c\u94dd\u6761\u8868\u9762\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u819c\u5c31 \u88ab\u5f7b\u5e95\u7834\u574f\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u81f4\u5bc6\u6c27\u5316\u4fdd\u62a4\u819c\u7531\u4e8e\u6709\u79bb\u5b50\u7684\u5b58 \u5728\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u94dd\u6761\u5c31\u4f1a\u6162\u6162\u88ab\u8150\u8680\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u76d0 \u6e0d\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5f62\u6210\u7f1d\u9699\u4e0e\u7a7a\u6d1e\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e2d\u7a7a\u73bb\u7483\u8d77\u96fe\u3001\u5931 \u6548\u3002\u94dd\u4e3a\u4e24\u6027\u91d1\u5c5e\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u5e72\u71e5\u5242\u5177\u6709\u78b1\u6027\u6216\u9178\u6027\u7279 \u5f81\uff0c\u5b83\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u4e4b\u53cd\u5e94\u800c\u88ab\u8150\u8680\u6389\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6c27\u5316\u9499\u5438 \u6c34\u540e\u5f62\u6210\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u9499\uff0c\u4e94\u6c27\u5316\u4e8c\u78f7\u5438\u6c34\u540e\u5f62\u6210\u7126\u78f7 \u9178\u3002\u4ece\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u8bb2\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u9178\u3001\u78b1\u6216\u76d0\u7c7b\u5e72\u71e5\u5242\u5bf9 \u5bc6\u5c01\u80f6\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u4e2d\u7a7a\u73bb\u7483\u5bc6\u5c01\u80f6\u5c06\u88ab\u52a0\u901f\u8001\u5316 \u4e0e\u6c27\u5316\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8150\u8680\u6027\u5e72\u71e5\u5242\u5bf9\u4e2d\u7a7a\u73bb\u7483\u7684\u8150\u8680\u4f5c\u7528 \u968f\u7740\u6b64\u7c7b\u5e72\u71e5\u5242\u5438\u6c34\u7684\u589e\u591a\u800c\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u5f3a\u70c8\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e2d \u7a7a\u73bb\u7483\u95f4\u9694\u6761\u53ca\u5bc6\u5c01\u80f6\u7684\u8150\u8680\u4f5c\u7528\u4e5f\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4ece \u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u4e2d\u7a7a\u73bb\u7483\u8d28\u91cf\u3002
\n2\u6b63\u786e\u9009\u7528\u5e72\u71e5\u5242\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e2d\u7a7a\u73bb\u7483\u8d28\u91cf
\n\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u662f3A\u5206\u5b50\u7b5b\u5e72\u71e5\u5242\u3002 3A\u5206\u5b50\u7b5b\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7ed3\u6676\u72b6\u6001\u7845\u9178\u76d0\u77ff\u7269\u8d28\u7403\u7c92\uff0c\u7528 \u4e8e\u4e2d\u7a7a\u73bb\u7483\u5939\u5c42\u4e2d\u6c14\u4f53\u7684\u5e72\u71e5\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u7a7a\u73bb\u7483\u81f3\u5173\u91cd \u8981\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u30023A\u5206\u5b50\u7b5b\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u94be\u79bb\u5b50\u4ea4\u6362\u5904\u7406\u540e\uff0c\u5177 \u6709\u7acb\u65b9\u6676\u683c\u548c\u5747\u5300\u5b54\u5f84\u7684\u94dd\u7845\u9178\u94be\u94a0\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u5b54\u5f84\u7ea6 3\u57c3\uff0c\u6c34\u7684\u4e34\u754c\u76f4\u5f84\u662f2.8\u57c3\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u6c14\u4f53\u7684\u76f4\u5f84\u5747\u5927 \u4e8e\u6c34\u7684\u4e34\u754c\u76f4\u5f84\u3002\u6240\u4ee53A\u5206\u5b50\u7b5b\u80fd\u591f\u5438\u6536\u6c34\u6c7d\u800c \u4e0d\u5438\u6536\u5176\u4ed6\u6c14\u4f53\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6c34\u6c7d\u4efd\u5b50\u7262\u56fa\u5730\u89c4\u5b9a\u5728\u6676\u4f53 \u4e2d\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u5bc6\u5c01\u5939\u5c42\u6c14\u4f53\u7684\u5e72\u71e5\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u4e2d \u7a7a\u73bb\u7483\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002
\n\u800c\u542b\u6c2f\u5316\u9499\u5e72\u71e5\u5242\u4ecd\u6709\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u5176\u4e0e 3A\u5206\u5b50\u7b5b\u7684\u4ef7\u683c\u5dee\u5f02\u5f88\u5927\u3002\u542b\u6c2f\u5316\u9499\u5e72\u71e5\u5242\u7684\u4ef7 \u683c\u7ea6\u4e3a2000~4000\u5143\/\u5428\uff0c\u800c3A\u5206\u5b50\u7b5b\u7684\u4ef7\u683c\u7ea6\u4e3a 10000\u5143\/\u5428\u3002\u5de8\u5927\u4ef7\u683c\u5dee\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6210\u672c\u4f18\u52bf\u4f7f\u5f97\u542b\u6c2f \u5316\u9499\u5e72\u71e5\u5242\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u73bb\u7483\u6df1\u52a0\u5de5\u5382\u5546\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002
\n\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c2020\u5e7411\u67081\u65e5\uff0c\u7531\u5c71\u4e1c\u7701\u5efa \u7b51\u73bb\u7483\u4e0e\u5de5\u4e1a\u73bb\u7483\u534f\u4f1a\u7f16\u5236\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u7a7a\u73bb\u7483\u7528\u5e72\u71e5\u5242 \u4e2d\u63ba\u6742\u7269\uff08\u6c2f\u5316\u9499\u3001\u6c27\u5316\u9499\uff09\u68c0\u51fa\u7684\u8bd5\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\u56e2\u4f53 \u6807\u51c6\u901a\u8fc7\u4e13\u5bb6\u5ba1\u67e5\u8bba\u8bc1\u4f1a\uff0c\u8be5\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u7f16\u5236\uff0c\u5c06\u5bf9\u89c4 \u8303\u5e02\u573a\u7ade\u4e89\u3001\u4fdd\u969c\u884c\u4e1a\u5065\u5eb7\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4ece\u751f\u4ea7\u6e90\u5934\u628a\u63a7 \u4e2d\u7a7a\u73bb\u7483\u6750\u6599\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5bf9\u63d0\u5347\u4e2d\u7a7a\u73bb\u7483\u4ea7\u54c1\u8d28\u91cf\u5177 \u6709\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u610f\u4e49\u3002
\n3\u603b\u7ed3
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